Ion of influenzapositive ILI situations identified by RT-PCR. Seasonal peaks in influenza A virus activity, specially with H3N2 virus2012 Blackwell Publishing LtdInfluenza surveillance in IndonesiaPercentage of ILI cases posi ve for Influenza viruses50 40 30 20 10All Influenza cases Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)Percentage of ILI instances posi ve for Influenza viruses60 50 40 30 20 10All Influenza situations Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecMonthMonthPercentage of ILI circumstances posi ve for Influenza viruses50 40 30 20All Influenza cases Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)Percentage of ILI instances posi ve for Influenza viruses60 50 40 30 20 10All Influenza cases Influenza B Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2)JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecMonthMonthPercentage of ILI instances posi ve for Influenza viruses 60 50 40 30 20 ten 0 Influenza A (H1N1) Influenza A (H3N2) All Influenza instances Influenza BJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecMonthFigure 2. Percentage of ILI instances testing postive for influenza viruses by RT-PCR by month, 2003007.strains, have been observed for the duration of December and January, followed by increases in influenza B virus activity in the course of March to May. The seasonality of influenza A virus was largely consistent across all nine islands while some had enhanced activity in the course of May perhaps and July (Sumatra, Maluku, and Papua). Two eastern provinces of Indonesia appeared to possess a bimodal peak in influenza activity during December-January and June-July while information have been limited (information not shown).Ni(COD)2 Formula We observed a high correlation among the imply proportion of influenza A positives among ILI circumstances and mean precipitation from 18 districts (Figure 3; r = 07).1,2-Oxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemscene When assessed per district, influenza A virus activity appeared to correlate effectively with rainfall in ten districts (in 1 district, r 0; in nine districts, r = 00); poor-to-moderate correlation was observed in other districts (in 1 district, r = 0; in two districts, r = 0; in three districts, r = 0; and in two districts, r = )01 to )0.) The last 5 districts are located in Kalimantan and two eastern islands of Indonesia (Maluku and Papua). Influenza A virus activity didn’t appear to correlate with mean monthly temperature or relative humidity (data not shown). Influenza B virus activity did not appear to be correlated with imply month-to-month temperature, mean monthly rainfall, or monthly relative humidity for any web-sites (data not shown). Retrospective evaluation identified a little number of influenza A viruses that were isolated from respiratory specimens collected by way of surveillance in IndonesiaFigure three.PMID:24078122 Comparison of rainfall precipitation and the proportion of ILI instances that tested constructive for influenza A, 20032007 Indonesia*.2012 Blackwell Publishing LtdKosasih et al.Table 3. Detection of Influenza A Virus Strains in Indonesia and Temporal Partnership to Worldwide Detection of WHO Designated influenza A Vaccine Virus Strains, 2003Influenza vaccine strainMonth, year selected as WHO vaccine strainDate of collection of influenza vaccine virusDate of collection of Indonesia virusIndonesia virus nameAntigenic characterization*A / California / 07 / 2004 (H3N2) A / Wisconsin / 67 / 2005 (H3N2)-like A / Solomon Islands / 03 / 2006 (H1N1)-likeFebruarySept 16,Sept 16,Indonesia / 1857 / 2004 Indonesia / 1711 / 2005 Indonesia / 3208 /A / Califomia / 07 / 2004 (H3N2)-.